Irony Of The Stranger - Literature Essay Samples

Society is a masked ball, where every one hides his real character, and reveals it in hiding.-Ralph Waldo EmersonA society constrained to specific social standards reprimands those who do not conform to such principles. In the process, a supreme truth is revealed unveiling the rights and wrongs of societal ideology. Albert Camuss The Stranger exhibits Meursault as a passive nonconformist who will not play the game society has chosen for him, and is thus condemned for an inability to meet societys social expectations. Through irony, Camus reveals how the outcast, Meursault, is condemned because of his nonconformist beliefs.Meursaults nonconformist character is one that does not concern itself with expressing emotion. Camus uses the first-person point of view, making the reader expect the narrators personal response to events within the plot. Ironically, the prose is void of such content. Meursaults life is reflected upon with utmost objectivity: a reflection of how he himself sees it. He catalogs the events of his life, going out of his way to avoid the conveying of any emotion. Mother died today. Or maybe yesterday, I dont know (9). As part of a telegram, the details that he does discuss only concern his uncertainty of the date; he does not mention anything of the telegrams effect on him. Furthermore, during his mothers funeral, he hadnt cried once and [he]d left straight after the funeral without paying [his] respects at her grave (86). This is not to say Meursault lacks emotion he simply does not feel it is essential to express it. Nevertheless, society expects certain emotions to be linked to specific events, namely, a physical representation of grief at his mothers funeral. Meursault cannot accept this social obligation imposed upon his life; he is an outsider to the society in which he lives. Further representative of Meursaults adamancy to not concern himself with expressing emotion is his relationship with Marie. When inquired about marriage, Meursault indifferently responds that he would if she wanted to. Additionally, when asked if he loves her, he replies, that it didnt mean anything but that [he] probably didnt (44). As traditionally viewed in society, marriage is a bond of love and affection; yet this prospective one is marked physically by indifference and apathy on his part. In retrospect, Meursault serves as a vessel dispensing a truth to the environment with which he lives in. Contradicting its strong emphasis within society, he reveals that emotion need not be represented exteriorly, for genuine emotion comes from within and does not need public recognition. However, society is immediately threatened by this truth, with which no triumph over the self or over the world will ever be possible (119). Ironically, although he is not impassive, Meursaults indifference to physically convey emotion is considered to be a lack of emotion within his society, highlighting him as a true stranger. Accordingly, lack of concern to displa y emotion during occurrences traditionally attached to specific emotional responses function to provide a validation to condemn him.Meursaults nonconformist character is further delineated through the absurdity of his life. Indifferent, Meursault will make a decision because he sees no rationale not to act in a certain way though he does not see a reason to either. This indifference deems the chronology of events within his life independent of each other, with no one necessarily leading to the next. Ironically, the reader and Meursaults society both attempt to create a meaning of the events within his life: a fruitless effort when applied to an absurd existence. On the day after the death of his mother, this man was swimming in the sea, entering into an irregular liaison and laughing at a Fernandel film (91). The reader attempts to rationalize Meursaults actions by deeming them a possible means of alleviating the pain and suffering of his mothers death. Contrastingly, in the courtro om, the prosecutor announces that he will expose the dark workings of this criminal soul, retracing the series of events which led this man to kill, in full consciousness of his actions (97). The prosecutor uses Meursaults previous actions which seemed merely unconventional as evidence of a monstrous personality which does not exist. In reality, neither the reader nor the characters within the novel can justify Meursaults actions. Through the eyes of Meursault, his life is absurd and meaningless, thus lacking a need for reason and justification. With this, Meursault functions as a mirror revealing to society the futility of using something from the past to justify the present: a sentiment echoed in other works of Camus. It is likewise idealism, and of the worse kind, to end up by hanging all action and all truth on a meaning of history that is not implicit in events. Would it therefore be realism to take as the laws of history the future? To tell the truth, far from being romantic, I believe in the necessity of a rule and an order (The Myth of Sisyphus and other essays, 208). Through his actions, Meursault implores society to live in the realm of the now, disregarding the use of the past to explain the present and the future. Because of its inability to do so, however, society stains Meursault with condemnation because of his nonconformity to societal values and expectations.Camus further distances his protagonist from the society in which he lives in through his lack of faith. Society imposes religion upon its subjects, making it the prime reason for human existence. In other words, without submission to faith, ones life is devoid of meaning and fulfillment: a conception which Meursault will not acknowledge, thus making him a stranger within his own environment. Ironically, religion for him appends even more senselessness to an already absurd life. Faith subverts the few strands of meaning present in Meursaults life, which paradoxically contradicts societys intent for its employment. His secularism is exhibited through examples of conflict. In a tense dialogue between him and the magistrate regarding the existence of a supreme deity, Meursault replies no. He told me that it was impossible, that all men believed in God, even those who wouldnt face up to Him. That was his belief, and if he should ever doubt it, his life would become meaningless (68). Furthermore, in his last moments of life, where the priest implores Meursault to submit to God, he explains that he didnt have much time left and that he didnt want to waste it on God (114). For Meursault, religion suppresses his free spirit. All that remains of an absurd yet gratifying life is time too precious to waste on such an abstract ideal. Accordingly, Meursault again becomes a reflection of truth, denouncing the practice of organized religion. He presents society with the notion that nothing divine or absolute exists and that many people use faith as a crutch to avoid living and ta king responsibility for their lives. Life is absurd: not controlled, monitored, or rewarded. To live a full life, one must face the absurdity of death leading to nothingness instead of focusing ones energies on an intangible and unlikely concept. Society, however, remains in a state of denial, exceedingly threatened by this truth. Consequently, the solution is to cast out Meursault, condemning him for his unconventional beliefs.Albert Camuss The Stranger explores the life of a man condemned because of a failure to meet societys social expectations. Through the use of irony, Camus gives light to societys validation for his protagonists ostracism in doing so, revealing a supreme reality. Meursault becomes a mirror reflecting truths that threaten the very foundation of societys most endeared principles. To stifle nonconformity and conceal a threat to societal stability, Meursault, the man who would not play the game, is condemned to death.

Essay on Hamlet and Tragedy - 524 Words

Hamlet and Tragedy Hamlet: A Tragedy When you think of William Shakespeare, Hamlet is the first thing most people think of, as his work. Hamlet is also a classic example of a tragedy. In all tragedies the hero suffers, and usually dies at the end. All good pieces of literature written way back when, are usually tragedies. The most important element is the amount of free will the character has. In every tragedy, the character must display free will. If every action is controlled by a heros destiny, then the heros death cant be avoided, and in a tragedy the sad part is that it could. Hamlets death could have been avoided many times. Hamlet had many†¦show more content†¦The tragic hero must possess many good traits, as well as one flaw, which eventually leads to his downfall. A tragic hero must be brave and noble. Hamlet is the perfect example of the tragic hero. Hamlet has all the good traits needed to be a tragic hero. He is brave and daring. One example of this is that when he went to Engla nd, he was taking a big risk and knew they were out to kill him. His loyalty to his father, was the reason he was so angry with Claudius and his Mother. Eric Bentley said that a Tragedy is dependent on comedy. Comic relief is used in tragedies to change the atmosphere of the reader, who is constantly focusing on the death and corruption of a tragedy. If a play were full of the death and sorrow, as in tragedies, it would make the reader very depressed and not like the play. Some examples of this in Hamlet, are in the Gravedigger Scene, Talking to the Skull and the Throwing of the book. Towards the end of the play, there are two scenes in the graveyard. One is when Hamlet picks up a skull, and the gravedigger tells him that the skull belonged to Yorick, the old kings jester. Hamlet tells Horatio that he knew Yorick, and then realizes what we all become after we die, dust. He then plays with the idea of life and death, and describes the finality of it. The gravedigger scene is the tragic conclusion of the play. The second scene of comedy in this scene is when the gravediggers argue whether Ophelia should be allowed to beShow MoreRelatedHamlet and The Spanish Tragedy654 Words   |  3 Pagesbetween Hamlet and The Spanish Tragedy demonstrate the influence Kyds play had on Shakespeare. The similarities can be seen throughout the plot lines and context of both plays. While using the plays as different tools, both are used for expediting revenge. Shakespeare, through the impact of Kyds play, established and perfected an ideal plot for a play expressing revengeful traged y. The actions and thoughts that Hamlet shows greatly displays many characteristics from The Spanish Tragedy. Hamlet modelsRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Prince Hamlet1611 Words   |  7 PagesTani Mercado 3/16/15 ERWC Mr. Howes The Tragedy of Prince Hamlet King Hamlet’s death left a mark on everyone in the castle, after a while that all began to change when Claudius married Hamlet’s mother. Hamlet felt that everybody should be mourning his father’s death, and he felt betrayed by the sudden marriage. Hamlet becomes mad once he sees his father as a ghost and seeks to avenge his father’s death, not knowing that this would lead to his death. The grief of King Hamlet’s death and the reactionsRead MoreEssay : The Tragedy Of Hamlet1515 Words   |  7 Pagesmuffle ourselves by allowing overthinking to take control? William Shakespeares The Tragedy of Hamlet forces its protagonist to deal with the crossroads. Prince Hamlet has just returned to Denmark to attend his fathers funeral after being away in Germany for school. As time goes on, Hamlet begins to suspect that foul play is the cause of his fathers death. 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Is Technology A Positive Contribution Essay - 1893 Words

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Logistics Demand and Supply Chain Management †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Logistics Demand and Supply Chain Management. Answer: Introduction: Goods that have hidden charges are characterized by a wide range of factors which determines their production, distribution and eventual consumption. Despite their perceived profitability index to the firms, such goods do not exist in all markets. They have specific qualities that single them out in the market. More so, their presence is also chiefly determined by the level of consumer awareness as well as the trends associates with their consumption in particular. This paper looks clearly on the characteristics of such goods as revealed in all markets. Moreover, the paper will also delve into establishing any existing relationship between international tourism and the hidden charges while paying special attention to the turn out for imports and their impact on the market equilibrium. Finally, the paper will analyze the impact of hidden fees on the exchange rate with respect to the interrelationship of demand and supply. Goods with hidden fees exhibit inelastic demand. For instance, there is an insignificant to zero response that consumers have on their consumption. Changes in prices do not result into bigger changes in the amount demanded by consumers. This implies that consumers have a smaller influence on the consumption trends that are rife in the market. Instead, according to Thornton Arndt (2003), producers do have a bigger influence on price determination. Since consumer consumption is stable due to this unresponsiveness to price changes, producers are therefore able to changes prices for bigger realization of revenue. The excludability of these goods means that consumption levels is always bound to hit top notch because their choices are limited in the market (Economist 2017). For example, the airplane ticket prices will always carry extra fees because there are no close alternatives in the market for the goods. This is another avenue that means consumer awareness is not easily realized. Absence of closer substitutes. Goods that have hidden charges are primarily exclusive in the market. As a result consumer choice is decimated hence giving producers in the market an autonomy in the price determination. Airline charges have zero close substitutes that consumers can resort to indicating a situation whereby there are stuck with consumption amounts available in the market. Since the United States is able to increase these hidden charges, there has never been incentive by the consumers to seek for other substitutes to realize maximum satisfaction (OConnell Warnock-Smith 2013). In other consumption is always stable as a result of the lack of these substitutes that consumers would eventually resort for. A clear characteristic of goods with hidden charges is that the market is rife with price discrimination. It is devised on the back of the airlines are able to issue different prices for different consumers. Moreover, the peak hours generate a lot of revenue because consumers have to dig deeper in their pockets to buy the tickets as well. A case in point is that it is still down to the lack of substitutes in the market for these goods that makes producers chiefly determine the amount that customers pay for the goods. As aforementioned, consumers are stuck in sourcing for ways to cut down on the high prices in the market. Another important aspect according to Mumbower, Garrow and Newman (2016), is that prices for these goods are determined by the producer exclusively because the market has no autonomy for create consumer awareness that goes a long way in having price responsiveness. Furthermore, this makes the market for this goods have monopolistic tendencies. The fact that producer is the price maker for these goods implies that there is a minimal impact of the market forces in determination of the quality demanded as well as the supply. Instead producers have to balance the price and quantity available in the market to realize bumper profits. In essence, profits can be realized both in the short run and the long run. The tax incidence for goods with hidden fees fall primarily on the consumers. This is attributed to the producer aspect of price making as well as elastic demand. A higher tax will always translate into consumers bearing the burden through increasing the prices. This comes through price discrimination. However, this case is sequentially followed whereby a single firms decision is followed by all firms adopting the same set of conditions. for instance in the United States, when a certain airline firm sets high prices for baggage and other itineraries it sets up a similar scenario in the entire industry. However, this move has a long term disturbances for the economy because a firm that decides to set a $50 dollar increment will lead a similar case within a short period of time hence ending up as a standard rate across the entire industry. Hidden fees have a huge effect on the imports made by the United States trading partners particularly with regard to the tourism industry. Inclusion of hidden fees stifles the balance of trade among the trading partners involved with the US. They end up having expensive imports while the US gets cheaper exports. The balance of trade is therefore unfavorable. Furthermore, international tourism faces a huge threat in terms of substitution from domestic markets reorganization (Heller 2010). Domestic cultural diversity for instance is changing the tourism dynamics in the international market. It is emerging as a huge threat to the returns realized in the mass tourism. Basically, substitutes to tourism alludes to alternative tourism that ensures services such as thematic tours, eco-tours, adventure tours as well as products entertainment, food services, travel agencies. Specifically, an increment in the domestic tourism in terms of a preference for these services reduces the demand for in ternational tourism products. As these products are becoming more valuable in the market, there is lesser international tourism plummets as international numbers sharply reduce. The aggregate demand for international tourism reduces since there will be a big cut on the tourism numbers travelling all around the world as motivated by these products. In others words, the equilibrium price reduces while there will be a comparatively similar case for equilibrium quantity. On the supply side, while consumers resort for substitute products in the market in the form of domestically tailored products, there will be an increase in the aggregate supply which pays attention to the move by consumers to have a better market control through the locally available products (Clark 2016). A reduction in the number of consumer is testament to an eventuality that leads market reorganization whereby individual producers are determinants of the quality the equilibrium quantity and price with respect to supply. The market need for the US dollars is influenced by both demand and supply while pegging it to the hidden charges. A favorable market rate for market demand and market supply of the dollar is basically established through an intersection of the forces of demand and supply. In the above diagram, the relationship between demands for dollars is indicated by the demand curve and the supply curve in that the equilibrium price and demand for the dollars is established by the aforementioned intersection. At rest, which is without the inclusion of the hidden fees, the market is self-sustaining, the equilibrium price is established at point P while the equilibrium quantity is indicated by the point Q. in other words, and the market demand for dollars equals the market supply of the same dollars (Christopher 2016). In essence, the most suitable exchange rate is indicated by this equilibrium such that any changes to the structure will have consequences for to the market for the United States dollars as explained below. In order to understand the effect of the hidden charges on the foreign exchange involving the United States dollar in comparison to other currencies, needs a recall on the characteristics of the hidden fees in an economy as well as the sector of concern. The case above indicates that the inelasticity of the market to price changes will have huge bearing on determining the value of the US dollar in this regard. First, when hidden fees are introduced, it means the demand for the US dollars rises as indicated by demand shift from demand1 to demand2. The more sales for the tickets is realized the more increase in the dollar. It means that the price for the US dollar will increase as shown by a movement in the equilibrium quantity from point P1 to P2 while at the same time, there will be an upsurge in the quantity demanded as well shooting from Q1 to Q2. In essence, hidden fees have an effect of increasing the demand for the dollar as compared to the rest of the world which translates to more revenue as indicated in the article. References The Economist, 2017. Hidden fees charged by hotels and airlines are bad for customers and the economy. Retrieved Online. Available on 19th January 2017. Thornton, E. and Arndt, M., 2003. FEES! FEES! FEES! Companies can't raise prices, so they're socking consumers with hundreds of hidden charges--and that's creating stealth inflation and fueling a popular backlash. Business Week, (3851), pp. 98. Heller, M., 2010. The Gridlock Economy: How Too Much Ownership Wrecks Markets Stops Innovation, and Costs Lives. ReadHowYouWant. Mumbower, S., Garrow, L.A. and Newman, J.P., 2015. Investigating airline customers premium coach seat purchases and implications for optimal pricing strategies. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 73, pp. 53-69. Clark, P., 2016. Stormy skies: airlines in crisis. Routledge: Abington, London O'Connell, J.F. and Warnock-Smith, D., 2013. An investigation into traveler preferences and acceptance levels of airline ancillary revenues. Journal of Air Transport Management, 33, pp.12-21. Christopher, M., 2016. Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK.